If future Mars colonizers want to survive without pressure suits, they’ll need to generate a denser atmosphere. One way to achieve this could be to bombard the Red Planet with water-rich asteroids.

Once we journey out to the stars, we will need to forge new worlds to live on. Choosing the best terraforming techniques for each planet and star system will be vital to surviving on alien worlds.

What about the possibility of interplanetary biological contamination? Is the desire to terraform worth the risk of harming indigenous life forms?

Terraforming Mars is widely discussed but ... large-scale attempts. Jupiter’s auroras visualise where energetic particles hit its upper atmosphere. Here, authors show JWST observations of ...